Personal reactions to ‘strange’ situations: Attachment styles and acculturation attitudes of immigrants and majority members

A growing number of studies examine the influence of individual factors on acculturation attitudes of immigrants, but few studies focus on majority members’ attitudes. In this paper, two studies are reported on the relation between attachment styles and acculturation attitudes of both immigrants (N=177) and majority members (N=243) in the Netherlands. Until now very few studies have associated cultural adjustment with attachment styles. This is remarkable, because attachment theory refers to interaction with others in new situations. Four different styles of attachment (the secure, dismissing, preoccupied and fearful attachment styles) are related to Berry's classification of acculturation attitudes. People, both immigrants and majority members, with a secure attachment style were positive towards integration, whereas people with a dismissing attachment style were not. Dismissing immigrants were more positive towards separation. Whereas both immigrants and majority members with a secure attachment style showed a similar pattern of correlations between attachment and acculturation, they seem to react quite differently, and even in opposite ways, when they have a preoccupied attachment style. Yet, the different reactions may be caused by the same psychological process: The existential ambivalence of preoccupied people may lead to diverse reactions.     

体育学院学生压力感受和应对方式的研究

以461名学生为研究对象,以10项自我陈述测验和生活满意感量表为研究工具,采用描述性统计和多因素方差分析的统计方法,调查了体育学院学生的压力感受和应对方式.研究目的是为学生管理和心理健康教育提供心理依据,维护他们的身心健康.研究结果显示,体育学院学生感受的主要压力有学习、学校环境适应、人际交往和就业.面对压力,他们的应对方式主要有解决问题、退避、转移注意力、自我激励、宣泄和求助.     

珠三角中小企业发展存在的问题和对策

珠江三角洲地区的中小企业比较发达，但在发展过程中仍存在不少问题，应引起高度重视，要采取相应的对策措施来促进其进一步发展，因为中小企业能否得到切实的发展，是该地区能否在全国率先实现现代化的关键因素之一。     

Investigating married adults’ communal coping with genetic health risk and perceived discrimination

Increased genetic testing in personalized medicine presents unique challenges for couples, including managing disease risk and potential discrimination as a couple. This study investigated couples’ conflicts and support gaps as they coped with perceived genetic discrimination. We also explored the degree to which communal coping was beneficial in reducing support gaps and ultimately stress. Dyadic analysis of married adults (N?=?266, 133 couples), in which one person had the genetic risk for serious illness, showed that perceived discrimination predicted more frequent conflicts about alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency-related treatment, privacy boundaries, and finances, which, in turn, predicted wider gaps in emotion and esteem support, and greater stress for both spouses. Communal coping predicted lower support gaps for both partners and marginally lower stress.     

Stress,Adaptive Coping,and Life Satisfaction

The authors examined the relationship between stress, adaptive coping, and life satisfaction among college students who reported having a friend or family member with eating disorder symptomatology. A hierarchical regression confirmed the study's hypotheses. Higher stress was linked with less life satisfaction. After stress was controlled, plan coping had a beneficial influence on life satisfaction. College counselors can use these findings when choosing interventions for clients who are close to someone with an eating disorder.     

Becoming Fathers: Initial Exploration of a Support Program for New Fathers

Emerging fathers experience a variety of stressors, including identity and role transitions, changes in their relationships, and challenges in developing caregiving skills. Increasing expectations for father involvement in childcare are emphasizing the importance of the father role, but social supports for new fathers remain scarce. Nineteen expectant and new fathers participated in a pilot 5-week group intervention aimed at improving stress coping and involvement attitudes using a combination of mindfulness practices and skill-building for parenting and partner communication. We administered surveys pre- and postintervention to assess efficacy in the areas of stress, depressive symptoms, father involvement attitudes, and mindfulness. Within-participant differences were compared across participants as well as examining individual reliable change. Results indicated initial reductions in stress and depressive symptoms and increases in the mindfulness constructs of nonjudgment and nonreactivity. No significant changes were found in father involvement attitudes. Perinatal intervention specific to fathers holds promise as an underexplored avenue for supporting families across the transition to parenthood.     

应对方式在体育锻炼与女大学生抑郁之间的中介效应分析

利用Bootstrap交叉验证的方法对女大学生应对方式在体育锻炼与抑郁之间的中介作用进行检验.结果发现,问题解决纬度在体育锻炼对抑郁的影响中起部分中介作用,其中介效应值为-0.0193,中介效应置信区间为[-0.0433 -0.0053],中介效应量占总效应量的28.4%;其他8个应对方式纬度中介效应都不显著.结论认为,积极应对方式在体育锻炼对女大学生抑郁的影响中起中介作用.     

社会支持对运动员投入的影响：心理坚韧性与应对方式的序列中介作用

摘要：目的：考察社会支持对运动员投入的影响以及心理坚韧性和应对方式在其中的序列中介作用。方法：采用运动领域领悟支持问卷、运动心理坚韧性问卷、竞技运动领域应对问卷、运动员投入问卷对483名现役运动员进行调查。结果：1）社会支持对运动员投入有显著的正向预测作用;2）心理坚韧性与应对方式在社会支持与运动员投入之间起中介作用。结论：社会支持不仅能直接促进运动员投入，还可以通过心理坚韧性与应对方式的中介对其产生间接促进作用，具体包括4条中介路径：通过心理坚韧性的中介路径；通过任务导向应对的中介路径；通过心理坚韧性与任务导向应对的序列中介路径；通过心理坚韧性与脱离导向应对的序列中介路径。本研究构建的中介效应模型在一定程度上揭示了社会支持影响运动员投入的内在机制。研究提示，通过提供社会支持，将能增强运动员的心理坚韧性，促使其更多地采用任务导向应对，更少地采用脱离导向应对，进而促进运动员投入。     

Exploring Verbal,Visual and Schematic Learners' Static and Dynamic Mental Images of Scientific Species and Processes in Relation to Their Spatial Ability

The current study compared different learners’ static and dynamic mental images of unseen scientific species and processes in relation to their spatial ability. Learners were classified into verbal, visual and schematic. Dynamic images were classified into: appearing/disappearing, linear-movement, and rotation. Two types of scientific entities and their related processes were investigated: astronomical and microscopic. The sample included 79 female students from Grades 9 and 10. For the purpose of the study, three instruments were used. The Mental Images by Guided Imagery instrument was designed to investigate participants' visualization of static and dynamic mental images. The Water-Level Task was adopted to estimate participants' spatial ability. The Learning Styles Inventory was used to classify participants into verbal, visual and schematic learners. The research findings suggest that schematic learners outperformed verbal and visual learners in their spatial ability. They also outperformed them in their vividness of microscopic images; both micro-static and micro-dynamic images; especially in the case of appearing/disappearing images. The differences were not significant in the case of astronomical images. The results also indicate that appearing/disappearing images received the least vividness scores for all three types of learners.     

论英汉文学翻译中的语言美--兼议英汉翻译语体风格的转换

本立足于翻译的标准和原则，结合笔的翻译实践，从语体角度阐述英汉翻译中的语言美现象。